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+# Task Scheduling Best Practices
+
+## Use `withoutOverlapping()` on Variable-Duration Tasks
+
+Without it, a long-running task spawns a second instance on the next tick, causing double-processing or resource exhaustion.
+
+## Use `onOneServer()` on Multi-Server Deployments
+
+Without it, every server runs the same task simultaneously. Requires a shared cache driver (Redis, database, Memcached).
+
+## Use `runInBackground()` for Concurrent Long Tasks
+
+By default, tasks at the same tick run sequentially. A slow first task delays all subsequent ones. `runInBackground()` runs them as separate processes.
+
+## Use `environments()` to Restrict Tasks
+
+Prevent accidental execution of production-only tasks (billing, reporting) on staging.
+
+```php
+Schedule::command('billing:charge')->monthly()->environments(['production']);
+```
+
+## Use `takeUntilTimeout()` for Time-Bounded Processing
+
+A task running every 15 minutes that processes an unbounded cursor can overlap with the next run. Bound execution time.
+
+## Use Schedule Groups for Shared Configuration
+
+Avoid repeating `->onOneServer()->timezone('America/New_York')` across many tasks.
+
+```php
+Schedule::daily()
+    ->onOneServer()
+    ->timezone('America/New_York')
+    ->group(function () {
+        Schedule::command('emails:send --force');
+        Schedule::command('emails:prune');
+    });
+```