291 lines
7.2 KiB
Groff
291 lines
7.2 KiB
Groff
.\" $Id$
|
|
.\"
|
|
.\" Copyright 1987,1988 by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology
|
|
.\" All rights reserved. The file /usr/include/zephyr/mit-copyright.h
|
|
.\" specifies the terms and conditions for redistribution.
|
|
.\"
|
|
.\"
|
|
.TH ZWRITE 1 "October 26, 1989" "MIT Project Athena"
|
|
.ds ]W MIT Project Athena
|
|
.SH NAME
|
|
zwrite \- write to another user via Zephyr
|
|
.SH SYNOPSIS
|
|
.B zwrite
|
|
[
|
|
.BI \-a
|
|
] [
|
|
.BI \-d
|
|
] [
|
|
.BI \-v
|
|
] [
|
|
.BI \-q
|
|
] [
|
|
.BI \-t
|
|
] [
|
|
.BI \-u
|
|
] [
|
|
.BI \-o
|
|
] [
|
|
.BI \-n
|
|
] [
|
|
.BI \-l
|
|
] [
|
|
.BI \-C
|
|
] [
|
|
.BI \-U
|
|
] [
|
|
.BI \-O
|
|
opcode ] [
|
|
.BI \-s
|
|
signature ] [
|
|
.BI \-c
|
|
class ] [
|
|
.BI \-i
|
|
instance ] [
|
|
.BI \-r
|
|
realm ] [
|
|
.BI \-f
|
|
arg ] [
|
|
.BI \-S
|
|
sender ] [
|
|
.BI user \ ...
|
|
] [
|
|
.BI \-m
|
|
.BI message
|
|
]
|
|
.SH DESCRIPTION
|
|
.I Zwrite
|
|
sends a message from you to another user through the
|
|
.I zephyr(1)
|
|
notification service. The user must have subscribed to messages of
|
|
the appropriate class and instance using the
|
|
.I zctl(1)
|
|
program.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.I Zwrite
|
|
understands the following options.
|
|
.TP 12
|
|
.B \-a
|
|
Causes
|
|
.I zwrite
|
|
to send the message authenticated, using
|
|
.I Kerberos
|
|
to perform the authentication. This is the default.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B \-d
|
|
Causes
|
|
.I zwrite
|
|
to send the message unauthenticated.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B \-v
|
|
Causes
|
|
.I zwrite
|
|
to print what type of message it is sending, and whether or not it was
|
|
successful.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B \-q
|
|
Forces
|
|
.I zwrite
|
|
to suppress information about whether or not the message was sent.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B \-t
|
|
Prevents
|
|
.I zwrite
|
|
from expanding tabs in the message into appropriate spaces. Normally
|
|
.I zwrite
|
|
will expand any tabs it finds into the appropriate number of spaces to
|
|
maintain separation based on 8-character tab stops.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B \-l
|
|
Causes
|
|
.I zwrite
|
|
to ignore `.' on a line by itself in the input and only end a typed
|
|
message when the user types the end-of-file character (usually
|
|
control-D). When the input is not a terminal, this is the default action.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B \-u
|
|
Sends an urgent message. This changes the
|
|
.I zephyr
|
|
instance of the message to ``URGENT''.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B \-o
|
|
Causes
|
|
.I zwrite
|
|
to ignore the Zephyr variables
|
|
.IR zwrite-class ,
|
|
.IR zwrite-inst ,
|
|
and
|
|
.I zwrite-opcode
|
|
when picking a default class, instance, and opcode.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B \-n
|
|
prevents
|
|
.I zwrite
|
|
from sending a PING message to verify the recipient is subscribing to
|
|
messages. By default,
|
|
.I zwrite
|
|
will send a notice to the destination class, instance, and recipient,
|
|
with opcode ``PING'' before sending the message. If the PING is sent,
|
|
and the server response indicates there are no recipients subscribed to
|
|
your message,
|
|
.I zwrite
|
|
exits without sending a message.
|
|
When the
|
|
.B \-n
|
|
option is used, no PING is sent.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B \-C
|
|
prepends a "CC:" line to the body of the message indicating the
|
|
recipients of the message. This is strictly a convenience: the
|
|
presence of a "CC:" line at the top of a zephyr body does not
|
|
necessarily indicate that this option was used, or that the message
|
|
really was sent to the listed users, and its lack doesn't indicate
|
|
that the message was not sent to multiple users.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B \-U
|
|
Send an unacked message.
|
|
.I zwrite
|
|
will not wait for acknowledgement that the message was sent, nor will
|
|
it issue a PING before sending.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B \-s \fIsignature\fR
|
|
sets the signature to be included in the message. This overrides both
|
|
the user's name (as found in the password file) and any
|
|
setting of the Zephyr variable
|
|
.IR zwrite-signature .
|
|
.I signature
|
|
must
|
|
be a single argument, hence when using a shell it should be quoted with
|
|
double quotes. A
|
|
.I signature
|
|
argument of "" leaves the signature in
|
|
the message empty.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B \-c \fIclass\fR
|
|
Allows a user to specify a different class for the message. This allows
|
|
a message to be sent to a large group of people with some degree of
|
|
security. See
|
|
.I zephyr(1)
|
|
and
|
|
.I zephyrd(8)
|
|
for a description of how to restrict access to classes. When this option
|
|
is specified, the message is sent to recipient "*" unless an additional
|
|
list of recipients is specified.
|
|
.br
|
|
This argument may not be used in conjunction with the \-f option.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B \-i \fIinstance\fR
|
|
Allows a user to specify a different instance than the default.
|
|
When this option is used, the message is sent to recipient "*" unless an
|
|
additional list of recipients is specified. This allows a message to be
|
|
sent to a large group of people (e.g. a development group) just by having
|
|
the members subscribe to messages of class "MESSAGE", the specified instance,
|
|
and recipient "*".
|
|
.br
|
|
This argument may not be used in conjunction with the \-f option.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B \-r \fIrealm\fR
|
|
Allows a user to specify a different realm for the message, if the
|
|
server supports interrealm Zephyr.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B \-S \fIsender\fR
|
|
Specify a sender. The message will be sent unauthenticated.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B \-F \fIformat\fR
|
|
Allows a user to specify a different default format for the message.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B \-O \fIopcode\fR
|
|
Allows a user to specify a different opcode for the message.
|
|
Some Zephyr notice display programs may use the opcode to decide how
|
|
to display a notice.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B \-f \fIarg\fR
|
|
Allows a user to specify an argument to be interpreted as a filesystem
|
|
specification. The class is set to
|
|
.BR FILSRV .
|
|
he instance is set
|
|
to
|
|
.I arg
|
|
as modified:
|
|
If
|
|
.I arg
|
|
contains no colons (`:'), it is assumed to
|
|
be a host name, and it is converted into an official host name via
|
|
.I gethostbyname(3).
|
|
If
|
|
.I arg
|
|
contains a colon, the portion preceding the colon is
|
|
treated as a host name, and the colon and any trailing characters are
|
|
appended to the offical host name returned by
|
|
.I gethostbyname.
|
|
If the name fails to resolve into an official host name, the instance is
|
|
set to
|
|
.I arg
|
|
unmodified.
|
|
.br
|
|
This option may not be used in conjunction with the \-c or \-i option.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B \-m
|
|
.I Zwrite
|
|
sends the remaining arguments on the command line as the message.
|
|
.PP
|
|
If the
|
|
.I \-m
|
|
option is not specified, the user is prompted for the message to be
|
|
sent. The message may be terminated by typing ^D or ``.'' on a line
|
|
by itself.
|
|
.PP
|
|
The default class for messages is ``MESSAGE'', the default instance
|
|
is ``PERSONAL'', andthe default opcode is ``'' (an empty string).
|
|
These defaults can be overridden by setting the Zephyr
|
|
variables
|
|
.IR zwrite-class ,
|
|
.IR zwrite-inst ,
|
|
and
|
|
.IR zwrite-opcode ,
|
|
respectively.
|
|
Command-line options can override the defaults.
|
|
.PP
|
|
If the class is ``MESSAGE'' and the instance is either ``PERSONAL'' or
|
|
``URGENT'', a recipient must be specified. These comparisons are
|
|
case-sensitive.
|
|
.PP
|
|
Unless the
|
|
.B \-s
|
|
option is used, the contents of the Zephyr variable
|
|
.I zwrite-signature
|
|
are used to augment the user's username in the
|
|
message. If
|
|
.I zwrite-signature
|
|
is not set and the
|
|
.B \-s
|
|
option is not specified, the user's full name (as specified in the
|
|
password file) is used instead.
|
|
.SH BUGS
|
|
Tab expansion should really be done by the receiver of the message.
|
|
.br
|
|
The \-u option is provided for compatibility with old versions of
|
|
.I zwrite
|
|
and is not necessarily useful for sending messages to users who do not
|
|
have old subscription files.
|
|
.SH SEE ALSO
|
|
kerberosintro(1), zctl(1), zephyr(1), zwgc(1), zhm(8), zephyrd(8),
|
|
gethostbyname(3)
|
|
.br
|
|
Project Athena Technical Plan Section E.4.1, `Zephyr Notification
|
|
Service'
|
|
.SH FILES
|
|
/etc/passwd
|
|
.br
|
|
$ZEPHYR_VARS or $HOME/.zephyr.vars
|
|
.SH AUTHOR
|
|
.PP
|
|
.br
|
|
Robert S. French (MIT-Project Athena)
|
|
.SH RESTRICTIONS
|
|
Copyright (c) 1987,1988 by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
|
|
All Rights Reserved.
|
|
.br
|
|
.I zephyr(1)
|
|
specifies the terms and conditions for redistribution.
|